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Limitations on the Powers of the Executive Branch | 1. There is parliamentary control of the executive, especially in a cabinet system of government. The prime minister and his cabinet are responsible to the lower house. That is, they must explain and defend their policies in the house, and if the parliament withdraws its support for the government, the prime minister either resigns or advises the king or president to dissolve parliament in order to seek fresh support through a general election.

Rights, Duties and Obligations of a Citizen | Citizenship confers both rights and duties on a citizen. Since the citizen enjoys all the rights provided by his state, it follows that he is obliged to perform certain duties and obligation to the state in return. This is because every right or privilege entails a responsibility.

A citizen is defined as a legal member of a state with full constitutional or legal rights in the country in which he or she resides. While an alien or a non-citizen is any individual who is not a national of a State in which he or she is present.

Citizenship is a term by which we express the status of individuals who possess full political rights. In the Roman Empire, it was not every resident of the Empire that was accorded the privileged status of citizens.

Problems of Electoral Commissions In order to ensure that elections are conducted freely and in an orderly manner, an electoral commission is usually established. The...

The behaviour of political parties is determined by the kind of party systems in existence. Where the party system is competitive, the parties will likely be engaged in continual political activities. But where there is no inter-party competition, as in one-party states, the political party will be primarily engaged in the practice and justification of political authority.

Multi Party System | Governments are usually based on center coalitions with the parties of the right and left in opposition. Thus, for most of the time since 1947, the Christian Democrats (a party of the center) has formed the Governments in Italy with the smaller parties which are to the right or left.

The two party system is a system in which there are two major political parties of nearly equal strength and a few minor parties that may be too small to have any major influence on the outcome of an election, although a third party may arise which threatens to, and sometimes does supplant one of the two large parties.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Two-Party System Two-Party system may be defined as the existence of only two major political parties in a political system. These...

A multi-party system is therefore a system in which there are several political parties of nearly equal strength. Unlike the two party system in which two of the many parties may be dominant, multipartyism is a party system in which there are several parties, any of which can win a general election.

A party manifesto may be defined as the cardinal plans or programme of a political party which the party intends to fulfill to the electorate if it is elected into power.

Zero party system (Also known as: Non-partisan Democracy) has to do with a standard where political leaders are elected by the people on indvidual basis. There is no political party. Candidates are mostly independent and are elected according to their merits. 

One of the disadvantages of Multi-party System is that the system is defective in that it is usually difficult for one party to win an election. As such coalition governments which are generally unstable are formed to overcome the problem.

Features of Two Party System Two Party system may be defined as the existence of only two major political parties in a political system. These...

Advantages and Disadvantages of Single Party System | One Party State One-Party or Single Party System Single Party System or One Party State may be defined as...

Single party system or One Party State may be defined as one in which only one legal and legitimate political party is constitutionally recognised in the country. No other party is recognised and can therefore not exist. The main features of one party state may be summarized as follows;

A one party system, one party state or single party system is a party system in which one party is officially recognized or dominant. It is no longer fashionable today to have a one-party system but some socialist countries such as China, and Cuba Republic still practise this system.

The problems of the civil service center primarily around the structure of the service and the attitude of civil servants to work. The following are some of the major problems facing the civil service in a modern state.

Control of Civil Service | The civil service is subject to various forms of control. Civil servants may be censured by the legislature, disciplined by the executive, overruled by the courts and criticised by the public.

The 1960 Independence Constitution of Nigeria was the outcome of a series of conferences held in Lagos and London between 1957 and 1959 to resolve the problems which had emerged as a result of the implementation of the Oliver Lyttleton Constitution of 1954.