The indirect rule policy had both positive and negative effects on the political system. In the short run, the indirect rule increased the power and authority of traditional rulers.

Gross Value Added, known by its acronym GVA, is a macroeconomic magnitude that measures the total value created by a sector, country or region. That is, the value of the set of goods and services that are produced in a country during a period of time, discounting indirect taxes and intermediate consumption.