The indirect rule policy had both positive and negative effects on the political system. In the short run, the indirect rule increased the power and authority of traditional rulers.

Protons, neutrons, and electrons are the particles that make up the atom, which is the smallest part of the element. These particles determine the characteristics and properties of the chemical elements. The protons and neutrons are concentrated in the atomic nucleus, while the electrons are distributed in the crust or the periphery of the atom. An atom has the same number of electrons and protons, while the number of neutrons is variable.