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Kleptocracy is a form of government which is characterized by the systematic and institutionalized theft of public funds and goods by its elites. In a kleptocracy government, rulers and like-minded elites engage in robbery in a normalized way. To such an extent that there is an institutionalization of corruption. In democracies, theoretically, the income and money obtained after government tax collection is reinvested in the form of public services.

The proletariat is distinguished from other classes such as the bourgeoisie in that it does not possess greater assets than its capacity for work, and therefore constitutes the basis of capitalist society of, as defined by Karl Marx, the "exploitation of man by man". The bourgeoisie, on the other hand, is the owner of the means of production and requires labor to generate consumer goods.

Plutocracy (Also known as; Plutarchy), like Oligocracy or Oligarchy, is a form of government that develops when a wealthy individual or richest people in the society holds power and, therefore, runs the State.

Types of Political Participation | Political participation there for refers to "those activities by which members of a society share in the selection of rulers, and directly or indirectly in the formation of public policy".

Timocracy - Meaning & Definition The first thing we are going to do in order to fully understand the meaning of the term timocracy is...

Communism is a political and socio-economic ideology based on the abolition of private property and social classes. Capitalism, on the other hand, refers to a socio-economic system based on the right to private ownership of the means of production and free trade in goods and products.

Admirable Campaign: Definition & History Admirable Campaign: Military expedition carried out by Simón Bolívar in 1813, in the context of the wars for the Independence...

Instability is chronic in Nigeria and much of what happened in the past resonates today. Between 1967 and 1970, a civil and secessionist war took place in what is called Federal Republic of Nigeria that showed the fragility of the inherited borders in Africa and the terrible coexistence between the different ethnic groups, leaving, among various consequences, and according to different calculations, 500,000 - 2,000,000 victims (or more, others indicate, up to three million people) in that failed independence.

The bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers was one of the most striking of the global financial crisis that began in 2008. In fact, the collapse of this bank is considered, by many analysts, as the starting point of the crisis. However, other banks had already fallen during 2007, although it is true that their size was smaller. One of the most important characteristics of this bankruptcy was that, contrary to what was done in other cases, such as Northern Rock in the United Kingdom, or Bear Stearns in the United States of America, the governments did not allocate public money to rescue the entity from the collapse.

Bankruptcy is an economic situation in which a company, organization or an individual finds itself when, due to the inability to face its debts with the available resources, has to permanently cease its activity.

The Single Euro Payments Area (SEPA) is a collective association created in Europe that allows companies, individuals and public bodies to make payments in euros without using cash. These payments can be made using a single bank account for payment transactions in different part of Europe within the SEPA zone.

Moral values are those values that a person is acquired based on their experience. Those rules or behavioural modes are inherited and transmitted by society to citizens. In addition, they determine how to behave directly or indirectly.

Confederation / Confederal system of government is the type of government in which sovereign states come together as autonomous bodies to form a loose political union in which the central government is subordinate to the components governments.

Plea Bargain is the process whereby the accused and the prosecutor in a criminal case work out a mutually satisfactory disposition of the case subject to court approved.

A bill is not a law until it is signed into law by the executive. It is a proposal of action discussed in the parliament and later signed to become a law by the President.

The Legislature is the organ of government responsible for law making. The legislature makes laws which are to be obeyed by everybody. The legislature also maintains control over the policy and administrative actions of the executive and acts as a forum for airing public opinions.

Limitations on the Powers of the Executive Branch | 1. There is parliamentary control of the executive, especially in a cabinet system of government. The prime minister and his cabinet are responsible to the lower house. That is, they must explain and defend their policies in the house, and if the parliament withdraws its support for the government, the prime minister either resigns or advises the king or president to dissolve parliament in order to seek fresh support through a general election.

Zero party system (Also known as: Non-partisan Democracy) has to do with a standard where political leaders are elected by the people on indvidual basis. There is no political party. Candidates are mostly independent and are elected according to their merits. 

The problems of the civil service center primarily around the structure of the service and the attitude of civil servants to work. The following are some of the major problems facing the civil service in a modern state.

Control of Civil Service | The civil service is subject to various forms of control. Civil servants may be censured by the legislature, disciplined by the executive, overruled by the courts and criticised by the public.