Inflation is a worldwide phenomenon but the rate varies from country to country. Nigeria has been experiencing a high rate of inflation estimated to be well over 45%. Despite the various measures adopted to control inflation it has defied solutions.

The crusades were military and religious campaigns promoted by the Papacy to regain the Holy Land, which had fallen to the Muslims. There were 9 expeditions and they took place between 1096 and 1291. The most important were the first, the third and sixth, as they allowed the temporary recovery of the city of Jerusalem and the establishment of several Christian kingdoms in the Middle East. All the others ended in resounding failures.