Every year, hundreds of thousands of Nigerian students register for the Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (UTME), hoping to secure admission into their preferred universities, polytechnics, and colleges of education. Yet, despite spending months reading textbooks and attending lesson centers, many candidates still perform below expectations. One major reason is simple:...

The 1988 civil service reforms in Nigeria The civil service was greatly reformed in 1988 in line with the recommendations of the Dotun Philips Civil Service Review Panel established in 1985 by the Federal Government. Major points of these reforms are as follows: The minister, not the permanent secretary, assumed responsibility...