Functions of Political parties include the following in the political system - 1. Interest articulation, 2. Interest aggregation, 3. Recruitment and removal of political leaders, 4. Link between government and the people, 5. Mobilization of public opinion, 6. Peaceful means of changing government, 7. Simplification and clarification of issues.

The invention of the printing press comprises the creation of a method for reproducing various copies of texts and images on paper or other materials, such as parchment or vellum, using movable type of wood or metal.