Independence of Colombia is called the political and military process that allowed the Viceroyalty of New Granada to be separated from the Spanish Empire. This process began on July 20, 1810, when the Creoles of Bogotá formed a government junta that displaced the Spanish viceroy from power. It ended in 1822, after Simón Bolívar defeated the royalists and formed Gran Colombia, which integrated Nueva Granada, Venezuela and Ecuador into a single state.

Tattoos have always been a medium for expressing oneself. Among the myriad of designs and motifs available, one that stands out and has been continuously used throughout history is the cross tattoo. The cross, a symbol rich with historical and cultural significance, carries a profound meaning that has attracted numerous...