The policy was introduced to enable the French export their civilization, which by the early 19th century had reached its highest level.

Communism and anarchism differ in the way of achieving an egalitarian society based on the absence of the State, on free association between people and on the extinction of private property. For communism, the construction of a classless society takes place through the intensification of the contradictions of capitalism, giving rise to a process of transformation in the mode of production. This change necessitates in a transition period called socialist. As for anarchism, the State is based on hierarchization and coercion, which would prevent the construction of a fair and egalitarian society.