Direct election is a process by which the voters participate directly in the choice of public office holders. Direct election involve the electorate casting their votes directly in an election for candidates of their choice that will represent them either in the executive or legislature, without any interference.

Gross Value Added, known by its acronym GVA, is a macroeconomic magnitude that measures the total value created by a sector, country or region. That is, the value of the set of goods and services that are produced in a country during a period of time, discounting indirect taxes and intermediate consumption.